杠上习近平,《纽约时报》别闹了

作者:  来源:观察者网

      上周,世界第一牛报《纽约时报》与习近平主席杠上了。
  习近平主席上任以来,平均每3.7天会见一位外国国家元首(韩国媒体的统计,奥巴马平均每7.8天才会见一位),但是会见结束后出席两国联合记者招待会是极少见的。上周在北京与奥巴马总统会谈后,应美方再三要求(BBC这么说),习主席破例出席了联合记者招待会。会上,奥巴马总统应幕僚的"建议"(还是据BBC报道),专门让《纽约时报》记者发问。令人意外的是,这家"声誉卓著"的世界级媒体竟打破行规,在两国元首记者会这样的场合,拿报社"私事"向东道国元首发难;而且无视要求,连发三问,说中国的媒体上最近充斥着反美言论,要习近平主席回答为什么两国对商人、学生、旅游者签证放宽,但包括《纽约时报》记者在内的几位西方记者签证延期无法工作的问题。
  这怎么看都像是个做好的局。
  还好,有点意外的习近平主席用一个比喻一个成语回复:一辆车在路上抛锚了,我们都要下车检查哪出了毛病。一句成语是:解铃还需系铃人。意思是很明确的了。
  第二天,周四,《纽约时报》以《回应习近平》为题,发表措词"很受伤"又"咬牙跺脚"的社论,认为习近平主席对他们的问题不屑和不耐烦,文章通篇表示决不屈从压力:《时报》从不打算迎合任何政府的要求而改变自己的报道–不管是中国、美国还是其它任何国家。
  不得不承认,在西方有灰贵妇(The Gray Lady)雅号的《纽约时报》(因长期不用彩色印刷,以保持其严肃、高冷的格调而得名),其逼格之高全美第一,全球排名至少也在并列第一之中。但是,报纸社评版是什么地方?那是各报提纯逼格的炼丹炉,"灰贵妇"她居然放弃天下己任,拿自己的私事大喊大叫(想起了"三根穷骨头"的社评吗?),隔着太平洋高喊:不从不从就是不从!实在罕见。大概想起几个月前"灰贵妇"被标哥巨款示爱时的"高冷",新华社看不下去,发评论斥其"失态"。
  感觉这次不寻常的还有《纽约时报》派驻北京记者傅才德(Michael Forsythe),之前是彭博社(Bloomberg News)的记者。作为天下大报,在两位国家元首前拿自己的事提问已破常例。何况报社内部还有规定,新闻采访业务等部门与社评部门相互独立,确保社评部的声音出自公心,以免落下"公器私用"的口实,怎么这次为自家门内事还发了社评呢?傅才德在他的Twitter短文中说:我向评论版编辑安德鲁·罗森塔尔(Andrew Rosenthal)打听,这篇社评是怎么出炉的。他(Andrew Rosenthal)周四说,其实"很简单",与《时报》出版人阿瑟·苏兹伯格(Arthur Sulzberger)的一席谈话导致了这篇文章的诞生。
  "昨天阿瑟和我谈到此事,认为写篇社评似乎是正确的做法,"罗森塔尔说。"习近平的言辞是如此不屑一顾,有力地体现了像中国这样的政府是怎样处理事务的,我们应该有所回应。"
  "灰贵妇"面具后面,终于见到"老BOSS"了吧!
  《纽约时报》自1851年起开始报道中国(清朝),而苏兹伯格家族自1896年起掌管《纽约时报》,已跨了三个世纪,至今拥有报社60%的投票权。这是美国500家族很靠前的几家之一,人家是这个国家真正的股东,是真正的政治大玩家。中国官方媒体经常抱怨她戴有色眼镜和偏见看中国,实在是有辱人家的高贵血统、光辉历史和智商。
  还有疑惑?试举一例,几天前,《纽约时报》忽爆猛料,拿出一份传说已久的信件,揭露当年FBI局长胡佛派人监视监听著名黑人民权领袖马丁·路德·金隐私,并写信逼他自杀的丑闻。此事震动全美。马丁·路德·金的死至今仍是悬案。有政治分析人士指出,这是《纽约时报》所代表的力量,在美中期选举后,眼看国内一些被奥巴马各种政策得罪、誓不两立的暗势力要对他们力挺的首位黑人总统上些"手段"时,抛猛料,给予严厉的敲打与警告。
  反过来,如果总统主导的政策损害了它们代表的力量,并不听劝,那么"深喉"就会及时出现。而对斯诺顿棱镜门这样的事,《纽约时报》竟能在长达一年时间里对此保持沉默,功夫也是了得。
  再看看上周的事。记者会上的三问,怎么看都像是《纽约时报》在为一干西方驻京媒体"八国联军"出头,奥巴马总统只是配合他们演了这一出。从BBC的报道看,脚本是《纽约时报》们策划的。
  奥巴马总统为什么如此配合呢?在其国内"灰贵妇"们时不时要敲打一下民主党政府,但基本上是奥巴马国内政治中倚靠的一棵大树。如今奥巴马是弱势总统,上周在北京,面对东道主的隆重礼仪和习近平主席的以诚相待,"人不坏"的奥巴马颇说了几句中听的话,如对"占中"不参与不煽动,决不遏制中国啦等等。几天后到了布里斯班G20峰会,他马上翻脸对中国放硬话,不仅煽动香港学生为"为普世权利"发声,还在南海问题上敲打中国,竟用"Bully"(恶霸)这个词影射中国。作为大国领袖,这么短时间内出尔反尔,是极其危险的,但如今美国的地位就是让自家总统处于这样的"不得已之中"(在北京他能硬吗?)。但是《纽约时报》们可以操作得让奥巴马脸面尽量光鲜。因为总统在北京的软话基本只有中国媒体报,《纽约时报》们选择性传回国内,美国民众不知道不愤怒,而在布里斯班的狠话,她们大量报道,中国读者不懂英文,也不会愤怒。有《纽约时报》们如此护着,奥巴马"配合"一下也是义务,只是这配合的戏是冲着东道主习近平主席以三问耍泼,实在太不厚道。还好习近平主席从容应对,最后用一个比喻一个成语,把控好了"斗而不破"的度,把她给噎了回去。
  至于能让《纽约时报》不顾禁忌、上升到社评版抖逼格、不淡定,说明"斗争形势"起了变化,"Things are changing."也许不全是坏事。
  本人一向仰慕《纽约时报》的"逼格",习大大用了句成语"解铃还须系铃人",很想在其社评中学一下她是怎么译的,结果她过度演绎:He was warning foreign news organizations that their troubles are self-inflicted; they are being penalized for unfavorable or controversial news coverage and could correct the problem by changing that approach.如此以己度人,曲解中国成语,令人大失所望。还不如白宫网站的翻译来得简洁明了:The party which has created a problem should be the one to help resolve it。

纽约时报原文:

A Response to President Xi Jinping
By THE EDITORIAL BOARDNOV. 12, 2014
  During their summit meeting in Beijing, President Obama and President Xi Jinping of China made much of their agreement to ease visa restrictions for businessmen, students and tourists.
  Yet when Mr. Xi was asked at a news conference if he would do the same for foreign journalists, who have had a hard time obtaining permission to work in China, he displayed little patience with such concerns.
  After first appearing to ignore the question from Mark Landler, a reporter from The Times, Mr. Xi circled back to the issue and advised that "when a car breaks down on the road, perhaps we need to step down and see what the problem is." The metaphor may have been oblique, but the message was clear: He was warning foreign news organizations that their troubles are self-inflicted; they are being penalized for unfavorable or controversial news coverage and could correct the problem by changing that approach.
  The Chinese government has regularly declined to process visas for any new resident Times journalist and has sought to block access to the newspaper’s English-language and Chinese-language websites for people inside China over the past two years after news reports were published by The Times on the wealth of China’s political elite.
  The Times has no intention of altering its coverage to meet the demands of any government – be it that of China, the United States or any other nation. Nor would any credible news organization. The Times has a long history of taking on the American government, from the publication of the Pentagon Papers to investigations of secret government eavesdropping.
  The Times’s commitment is to its readers who expect, and rightly deserve, the fullest, most truthful discussion of events and people shaping the world.
  China, with 1.3 billion people and the world’s second-largest economy after the United States, is a major force regionally and internationally and merits serious coverage. The Times will continue to give the country and its citizens honest reporting and attention. Mr. Xi claimed that China protects the rights of media organizations. Demanding that journalists tailor their coverage to suit the state only protects the powerful and those with something to hide. A confident regime that considers itself a world leader should be able to handle truthful examination and criticism.

来源时间:2014/11/19   发布时间:2014/11/20

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